Essay --

Hong 1Rebecca HongMs. GeersEnglish 10H/417 January 2014People Make Choices, Choices Make History The five major types of people involved in every genocide or human rights abuse---perpetrators, victims, bystanders, rescuers, and upstanders---all shape history. Peoples choices are always hugely influential in historical events, and the final solution is no exception. The perpetrators of the Holocaust were arguably the most influential of the five types of people. They were able to get millions of Germans to turn a stratagem eye to millions of crimes against humanity. By taking advantage of historical Judaic oppression, utilizing propaganda and censorship to create a strong dominant discourse preaching anti-Semitism in Germany, and creating various us-them mentalities, the perpetrators of the Holocaust changed the identities of bystanders, shaped their choices, and changed history. Bystanders were one of the most polar groups of the Holocaust. As Elie Wiesel reminds us, T he victims perished not only because of the killers, but also because of the apathy of the bystanderThose who perished were victims of Nazism and of society (Why Were There So Few). For the most part, German civilians turned a blind eye, allowing the Holocaust to happen. As a German bystander later recalled, If I had refused to take the oath of loyalty in 1935, it would beget meant that thousands and thousands like me, all over Germany, were refusing to take it. Their refusal would have heartened millions. Thus, the regime would have been overthrown, or, indeed, would never have come to power in the first placeThousands, hundreds of Hong 2thousandswere also unprepared to resistThus, the world was lost (Do You receive the Oath?). How could milli... ...zens were capable of standing by in the face of genocide. Anti-Semitism was everywhere, and censorship meant that dissent was nowhere to be found. The identities of bystanders changed the constant propaganda forced Nazi ideology into their identities. As Holocaust survivor Garmaine Pitchon stated, I dont hate the Germans. The Germans are good people. The only people I hate are Hitler and Mengelethey killed my family (Auschwitz, criminal at Play). The perpetrators of the Holocaust are ultimately the ones who corrupted civilians and turned them into bystanders. The perpetrators bombarded the German citizens with propaganda until they internalized Nazi allegationsand excluded entire groups from their universe of obligation (Vashem), giving in to the dominant discourse of the time. The perpetrators successfully brainwashed millions, in order to kill millions more.